What is the ruling regarding the traveller leading the congregational prayer with the residents praying behind him?. So for instance, in Isha prayer the traveller will lead and give salaam after 2 rakahs, and the residents following with continue to prayer after salaam. Is this correct?.
Praise be to Allaah.
The Sunnah indicates that
it is permissible for a non-traveller to pray behind a traveller, so long as
the non-traveller offers his prayer in full and does not shorten it when the
traveller imam does so. This was narrated in a hadeeth which is attributed
to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and in which
there is some weakness, but it is in accordance with what is understood by
the four madhhabs and others.
It was narrated that
‘Imraan ibn Husayn (may Allaah be pleased with him) said:
I went out on campaign with
the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) and
I was present with him at the conquest [of Makkah]. He stayed in Makkah for
eighteen days, praying only two rak’ahs [in each four-rak'ah prayer], and he
said: ‘O people of the city, pray with four rak’ahs, for we are people who
are travelling.’”
Narrated by Abu Dawood (no.
1229); classed as da’eef (weak) by al-Albaani in Da’eef Abi Dawood.
Maalik narrated in
al-Muwatta’ (2/206) from Ibn Shihaab from Saalim ibn ‘Abd-Allaah from
his father from ‘Umar ibn al-Khattaab that when he came to Makkah, he would
lead them in praying two rak’ahs, then he would say: “O people of Makkah,
complete your prayer for we are people who are travelling.”
Ibn Qudaamah (may Allaah
have mercy on him) said:
The scholars are
unanimously agreed that if the non-resident prays behind a traveller, and
the traveller says the salaam after two rak’ahs, the non-traveller must
offer the prayer in full. It was narrated that ‘Imraan ibn Husayn said: I
was present with the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) at the conquest [of Makkah]. He stayed in Makkah for eighteen
days, praying only two rak’ahs [in each four-rak'ah prayer], and he said: ‘O
people of the city, pray with four rak’ahs, for we are people who are
travelling.’” Narrated by Abu Dawood.
And because the prayer was
obligatory for him with four rak’ahs, so he does not have the right to omit
any of its rak’ahs, as would also have been the case if he had not been led
in prayer by a traveller. End quote.
Al-Mughni
(2/64).
Al-Kaasaani al-Hanafi (may
Allaah have mercy on him) said:
A non-traveller following a
traveller (in prayer) is valid … then when the imam says the salaam after
praying two rak'ahs, the non-traveller should not say the salaam, because he
still has to complete his prayer, and if he were to say the salaam (at this
point) his prayer would be invalidated. Rather he should stand up and
complete the prayer with four rak’ahs, because the Prophet (peace and
blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Complete it, O people of Makkah, for
we are people who are travelling.”
When the imam who is
travelling says the salaam, he should say to the non-travellers who are
behind him: “Complete your prayer, for we are people who are travelling,”
following the example of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be
upon him). End quote.
Badaa’i’ al-Sanaa’i’
(1/101).
Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allaah
have mercy on him) said:
If a non-traveller offers
an obligatory prayer such as Zuhr or ‘Asr or ‘Isha’ behind a traveller, then
he must pray four rak’ahs. Hence he must complete his prayer after the
traveller says the salaam following two rak’ahs. End quote.
Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz
(12/259).
Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may
Allaah have mercy on him) said:
It is permissible for the
traveller to be an imam for non-travellers, and when he says the salaam, the
non-travellers should stand up and complete the prayer after he has
finished. But the traveller who leads non-travellers in prayer should tell
them before he prays, “We are travelling so when we say the salaam, complete
the prayer,” because the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon
him) prayed in Makkah after the conquest and said: “Complete [your prayers]
O people of Makkah, for we are people who are travelling.” And he would lead
them in praying two rak'ahs, and they would complete their prayers after he
had finished. End quote.
Majmoo’ Fataawa wa
Rasaa’il al-Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (15/153)
See also Nayl al-Awtaar
(3/199), al-Mawsoo’ah al-Fiqhiyyah (6/33).
And Allaah knows best.
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