Riyad as-Salihin (The Meadows of the Righteous)
by Imam Nawawi
254. Chapter: The prohibition against
backbiting and the command to guard the tongue
Allah says, "Do not backbite one another Would any of you like
to eat his brother's dead flesh? No, you would hate it. But have taqwa of
Allah. Allah is Ever-Returning, Most Merciful," (49:12)and He says,
"Do not pursue what of which you have no knowledge of hearing, sight, and
hearts will all be questioned." (17:36)Allah says, "He does not utter
a single word without a watcher by him, pen in hand." (50:18)
1511. Abu Hurayra reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "Anyone who believes in Allah and the Last Day, should speak
good words or be silent." [Agreed upon]
This hadith clearly indicates that he should not speak unless the words he
speaks are good. That means speech whose benefit is clear. If there is any doubt
about benefit occurring, he should not speak.
1512. Abu Musa said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, whose Islam is best?' He
said, 'The one from whose tongue and hands the Muslims are safe.'" [Agreed upon]
1513. Sahl ibn Sa'd reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "Anyone who safeguards for My sake what is between
his jaws and what is between his legs, I will safeguard the Garden for him."
[Agreed upon]
1514. Abu Hurayra reported that he heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, say, "A slave of Allah might say something, without realising
its seriousness, which causes him to slip into the Fire by a greater margin than
the distance between the east and the west." [Agreed upon]
1515. Abu Hurayra is that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, "A slave of Allah might say something which pleases Allah Almighty
without realising it on account of which Allah raises him some degrees. A slave
of Allah might say something which angers Allah Almighty without realising it on
account of which he falls into Jahannam." [al-Bukhari]
1516. Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman Bilal ibn al-Harith al-Muzani reported that the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "A man may
say something which pleases Allah Almighty without him realising the full extent
of its implication, and because of it, Allah prescribes His pleasure for him
until the Day he meets Him. And a man may likewise say something which angers
Allah without him realising the full extent of its implication, and because of
it, Allah prescribes His wrath for him until the Day he meets Him. [Malik in
al-Muwatta' and at-Tirmidhi]
1517. Sufyan ibn 'Abdullah said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, tell me
something I can cling to.' He said, 'Say: "My Lord is Allah" and then go
straight.' I said, 'Messenger of Allah, what is the thing you fear most for me?'
He took hold of his tongue and then said, 'This.'" [at-Tirmidhi]
1518. Ibn 'Umar reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "Do not say much without mentioning Allah. A lot of talk
without mentioning Allah Almighty makes people's hearts hard. The furthest of
people from Allah are the hard-hearted." [at-Tirmidhi]
1519. Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, 'Anyone whom Allah protects from the evil of what is
between his jaws and the evil of what is between his legs will enter the
Garden.'" [at-Tirmidhi]
1520. 'Uqba ibn 'Amir said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, what ensures
safety?' He said, 'Holding your tongue, keeping to your house and weeping for
your sins.'" [at-Tirmidhi]
1521. Abu Sa'id al-Khudri reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "When the son of Adam starts the day, all his limbs
supplicate his tongue, saying, 'Fear Allah in respect of us. We move by you. If
you go straight, we go straight. If you go crooked, we go crooked.'"
[at-Tirmidhi]
1522. Mu'adh said, "I said, 'Messenger of Allah, tell me of an action which
will admit me to the Garden and keep me far from the Fire.' He said, 'You have
asked about a great matter, but it is easy for the one to whom Allah Almighty
makes it easy: worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, do the
prayer, pay the zakat, fast Ramadan and go on hajj to the House.' Then he said,
'Shall I direct you to the gates of good? Fasting, which is a protection, and
sadaqa, which extinguishes mistakes as water extinguishes fire, and the
prayer of a man in the middle of the night.' Then he recited, 'Their sides
eschew their beds' until he reached 'what it used to do.' (32:16-17)
Then he said, 'Shall I tell you of the head of the matter, its support and
its peak?' I said, 'Yes indeed, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'The head of the
matter is Islam and its support is the prayer and its peak is jihad.' Then he
said, 'Shall I tell you of the foundation of all that?' I said, 'Yes, indeed,
Messenger of Allah.' He took hold of his tongue and said, 'Restrain this.' I
said, 'Messenger of Allah, will we be taken to task for what we say ?' He said,
'May your mother be bereaved! Are people thrown on their faces into the Fire for
anything but the harvest of their tongues?'" [at-Tirmidhi]
1523. Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "Do you know what backbiting is?" They said, "Allah
and His Messenger know best." He said, "To mention your brother in a manner he
dislikes." It was said, "What if my brother is as I say?" He said, "If he is as
you said, you have backbitten him. If he is not as you said, you have slandered
him." [Muslim]
1524. Abu Bakra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said in his khutba on the Day of Sacrifice during the Farewell
Hajj, "Your blood, your property and your honour are sacred to you, like the
sacredness of this day in this month in this city. Have I not conveyed it?"
[Agreed upon]
1525. 'A'isha said, "I said to the Prophet, 'Such-and-such should be enough
for you in respect of Safiyya.' (Some of the transmitters say that she meant her
shortness.) He said, 'You have said something that, if it were mixed with the
water of the ocean, would still pollute it!' [She said,] I said, 'I related
something unpleasant about someone to him and he said, "I would not like to
relate anything unpleasant about someone, even if I were to receive
such-and-such a thing [for doing it]."'" [Abu Dawud and at-Tirmidhi]
1526. Anas reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "When I ascended through the heavens, I passed by some
people holding copper nails with which they were gouging their faces and chests.
I said, 'Who are these, Jibril?' He said, 'Those are the people who consumed
people's flesh and attacked their honour.'" [Abu Dawud]
1527. Abu Hurayra stated that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "The blood, honour and property of every Muslim is sacred
for another Muslim." [Muslim]
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