Chapter: On
the excellence of hunger, a simple live style, and confining oneself to little
in food, drink, clothing and other things which are the portion of the self, and
abandoning appetites
Allah Almighty says, "An evil generation succeeded them who
neglected the prayer and followed their appetites. They will plunge into the
Valley of Evil except for those who turn in repentance and believe and
act righteously. They will enter the Garden and they will not be wronged in
any way." (19:59-60)The Almighty says, "He went out among his people
in his finery. Those who desired the life of this world said, 'Oh! If only we
had the same as Qarun has been given! What immense good fortune he possesses.'
But those who had been given knowledge said, 'Woe to you! Allah's reward is
better for those who believe and act rightly." (28:79-80)The Almighty
says, "Then you will be asked that Day about the pleasures you
enjoyed," (102:8)and the Almighty says, "As for anyone who desires
this fleeting existence, We hasten for him in it whatever We will to whoever
We want. Then We will consign him to Hell where he will roast, reviled and
driven out." (17:18)
491. 'A'isha said, "The family of Muhammad,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, never had their fill of barley bread
for two consecutive days until he died." [Agreed upon]
In one variant, "From the time he came to Madina, the family of Muhammad, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, never had their fill of wheat bread for
three consecutive nights until he died."
492. 'Urwa reported that 'A'isha used to say, "By Allah, nephew, we used to
see three crescent moons in two months without a fire being lit in the houses of
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." I said. "Aunt,
what did you live off?" She said, "The two black ones: dates and water. However,
the Messenger of Allah had some neighbours among the Ansar, and they have milk
camels, and they would send us some of their milk and we would drink it."
[Agreed upon]
493. Abu Sa'id al-Maqburi said that Abu Hurayra passed by some people who had
a roast sheep in front of them and they invited him to eat, but he refused to
eat, saying, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
left this world without having his fill of barley bread." [al-Bukhari]
494. Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, did
not eat off a table up until the time he died, and he did not eat fine bread up
until the time he died." [al-Bukhari]
In one variant of his, "He never ever saw a whole roast sheep."
495. An-Nu'man ibn Bashir said, "I saw your Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and he did not have enough poor quality dates to fill his
belly." [Muslim]
496. Sahl ibn Sa'd said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, did not see fine bread from the time that Allah Almighty sent
him until the time He took him." He was asked, "Did you not have sieves in the
time of the Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, never saw a sieve from the time that Allah
Almighty sent him until the time He took him." He was asked, "How did you eat
unsieved barley?" He said, "We used to rind it and blow on it and what blew away
would blow away and we would knead what remained." [al-Bukhari]
497. Abu Hurayra said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, went out one day or night and came upon Abu Bakr and 'Umar and said,
'What has brought you out of your houses at this hour?' They said, 'Hunger,
Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'Me too. By the One in whose hand my soul is, what
brought you out brought me out, so get up.' They got up with him and went to
visit a man of the Ansar, but he was not at home. When his wife saw him, she
said, 'Welcome! Welcome!' The Messenger of Allah said to her, 'Where is
so-and-so?' She said, 'He has gone to get water for us.' Then the Ansari came
and saw the Messenger of Allah and his two companions and said, 'Praise be to
Allah. Today no one has more honoured guests than I!' He went and brought them a
branch with unripe and ripe fresh dates on it and said, 'Eat.' He took a knife
and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said to
him, 'Don't slaughter one which yields milk.' So he slaughtered for them and
they ate from the sheep and from that branch and drank. When they were full and
their thirst quenched, the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said to Abu Bakr and 'Umar, 'By the One who has my soul in His hand, you
will be asked about this blessing on the Day of Rising. Hunger brought you out
of your houses and you did not return until you had received this blessing.'"
[Muslim]
The Ansari who they visited was Abu'l-Haytham ibn at-Tayyihan. This is
clearly stated in the variant of at-Tirmidhi and others.
498. Khalid ibn 'Umayr al-'Adawi said, "'Utba ibn Ghazwan addressed us when
he was governor of Basra. He praised and glorified Allah and then said, 'This
world has announced that it is vanishing, retreating swiftly and only a trace of
it will be left like the small amount left in a vessel after its owner has drunk
it. You are moving from it to an abode which will not vanish. So move to it with
the best you have. It has been mentioned to us that a stone thrown from the
brink of Hellfire will fall in it for forty years without reaching its bottom.
By Allah, it will be filled! Does that surprise you? It has been mentioned to us
that between the two halves of the Garden is the distance of forty years, but a
day will come when it will be blocked by the crowd of people there. I remember
myself as one of seven who were with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, and the only food we had was some leaves of a tree which
cut the corners of our mouths. I got a cloak and divided it between myself and
Sa'd ibn Malik. I used half of it as a wrapper and Sa'd used half as a wrapper.
Today there is not one of us who is not an amir over some city. I seek refuge
with Allah from being great with myself and small with Allah." [Muslim]
499. Abu Musa al-Ash'ari said, "'A'isha brought out for us a garment and
thick wrapper and said, 'The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, died wearing these two.'" [Agreed upon]
500. Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas said, "I was the first of the Arabs to shoot an
arrow in the way of Allah. We used to raid with the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, and we had no food except acacia leaves so
that when one of us went to relieve himself it was like sheep droppings."
[Agreed upon]
501. Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "O Allah, make the provision of the family of
Muhammad adequate!" [Agreed upon]
502. Abu Hurayra said, "By Allah, there is no god but He. I used to lie with
my stomach on the ground out of hunger and I used to tie a stone on my belly
because of hunger. One day I sat on the path by which they used to go out and
the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, passed by me. He smiled
when he saw me and recognised what was in my face and in myself. Then he said,
'Abu Hirr!' I said, 'At your service, Messenger of Allah!' He said, 'Come along'
and went and followed him. He went inside and I asked permission to enter. He
gave me permission and I went inside. He found some milk in a cup and asked,
'Where is this milk from?' They said, 'So-and-so gave it to you.' He said, 'Abu
Hirr.' I said, 'At your service, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'Go along to the
people of the Suffa and invite them here to me.'" He said, "The people of the
Suffa were the guests of Islam. They did not have recourse to family, property
or anyone. When sadaqa came to him, he used to send it to them and not take any
of it himself. When a gift came to him, he sent for them and had some of it
himself and let them share in it. His saying that annoyed me and I said to
myself, 'What good will this milk be among the people of the Suffa? I have more
need of drinking it to give me strength. When they come, he will tell me to give
it to them.' It was not likely that I would get any of the milk, but there was
no escape from obeying Allah and obeying His Messenger so I went and invited
them and they accepted and asked for permission to come in and he gave them
permission. They took their seats in the house. He said, 'Abu Hirr!' I said, 'At
your service, Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'Take it and give it to them.'" He
said, "I took the cup and gave it to a man and he drank until his thirst was
quenched. Then he returned the cup to me and I gave it to another man who drank
until his thirst was quenched and he returned the cup to me. [Another] drank
until his thirst was quenched and he returned the cup to me until I reached the
Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, when all the people had had
enough. He took the cup and placed it in his hand and looked at me and smiled.
He said, 'Abu Hirr.' I said, 'At your service, Messenger of Allah' He said, 'I
and you remain.' I said, 'You have spoken the truth, Messenger of Allah.' He
said, 'Sit and drink.' I sat and drank. He said, 'Drink.' So I drank. He kept
saying, 'Drink' until I said, 'By the One who sent you with the truth, I cannot
find any more room for it.' He said, 'Give it to me,' so I gave him the cup and
he praised Allah Almighty, said the name of Allah, and drank the rest.".
[al-Bukhari]
503. Muhammad ibn Sirin reported that Abu Hurayra said, "I used to fall down
in a faint between the minbar of the Messenger of Allah , may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, and the room of 'A'isha. A passer-by would come and put his
foot on my neck and think that I was mad. I was not mad. I was only hungry."
[al-Bukhari]
504. 'A'isha said, "When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, died his armour was in pawn to a Jew for thirty sa's of
barley." [Agreed upon]
505. Anas said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, pawned
his armour for some barley. I took some barley bread and dissolved fat to the
Prophet and I heard him say, 'The family of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, has never had more than a sa' in the morning nor the evening,'
and they were nine households." [al-Bukhari]
506. Abu Hurayra said, "I saw seventy of the people of the Suffa and none of
them was wearing a cloak, but only either a waist-wrapper or a shirt which they
tied round their necks so that it only reached half way down their thighs or to
their ankles. They would gather it together with their hands not wanting their
nakedness to be seen." [al-Bukhari]
507. 'A'isha said, "The bed of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, as made of hide stuffed with palm-fibre." [al-Bukhari]
508. Ibn 'Umar said, "We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, when a man of the Ansar came and greeted him.
Then the Ansari turned away and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, 'O brother of the Ansar, how is Sa'd ibn 'Ubada!' He
said, 'Well.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said, 'Who among you wants to visit him?' He got up and about ten of us got up
with him without sandals or leather socks or head coverings or shirts. We walked
through those salt marshes until we reached him. His family moved back from
around him so that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, and His Companions who were with him could get near." [Muslim]]
509. 'Imran ibn al-Husayn reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "The best of you are my generation and then those who
follow them and then those who follow them." 'Imran said, "I do not know whether
the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said it twice or three
times." "Then after them will come a people who testify when they are not asked
to testify, and who betray and are not trustworthy, who make a vow and do not
fulfil it. Fleshiness will appear among them." [Agreed upon]
510. Abu Umama reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "O son of Adam, it is better for you to spend what is in
excess of your needs and worse for you to keep it. You will not be blamed for
(keeping) enough to cover your needs. Begin with your immediate dependants."
[at-Tirmidhi]
511. 'Ubaydullah ibn Muhsan al-Ansari al-Khatmi said, "The Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Any of you who wakes up
in the morning safe in himself, healthy in his body, with food for the day, it
is as if he had the entire world.'" [at-Tirmidhi]
512. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As reported that the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, "The successful one is he who becomes
Muslim, has adequate provision and whom Allah makes satisfied with what He gives
him." [Muslim]
513. Abu Muhammad Fadala ibn 'Ubayd al-Ansari reported that he heard the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, "O the delight
of the one who is guided to Islam, has adequate livelihood, and is contented."
[at-Tirmidhi]
514. Ibn 'Abbas said that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, used to go hungry for nights in a row at the time when his
people could find no support. Most of their bread was barley bread."
[at-Tirmidhi]
515. Fadala ibn 'Ubayd reported that when the Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, used to lead the people in prayer, some men who
were there would fall over during the prayer owing to extreme hunger. They were
the People of the Suffa. This reached such a point that the desert Arabs said,
'Those people are mad.' When the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, had prayed, he went to them and said, 'If you only knew what
you have with Allah Almighty, you would wish to be increased in poverty and
need.'" [at-Tirmidhi]
516. Abu Karima al-Miqdam ibn Ma'dikarib said, "I heard the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'A human being fills up no
vessel worse than his belly. Enough for a son of Adam are some morsels which
will kept his back straight. If it cannot be avoided, then a third is for his
food, a third for his drink, and a third for himself." [at-Tirmidhi]
517. Abu Umama Iyas ibn Tha'laba al-Ansari al-Harithi said, "One day the
Companions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
mentioned this world, and the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, 'Do you not hear? Do you not hear? Raggedness is part of
belief. Raggedness is part of belief,' meaning doing without luxury." [Abu
Dawud]
518. Abu 'Abdullah Jabir ibn 'Abdullah said, "The Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, sent us on an expedition and he put Abu
'Ubadya in command over us. We were to meet the caravan of Quraysh and we were
provisioned with bags of dates which we was all that we could find. Abu 'Ubadya
would give each of us a date. It was asked, 'What did you do with it?' He said,
'We would suck on it as a child sucks and then we would drink from water poured
on it. It was enough for us for the day until night. We used to knock leaves off
branches and then moisten them with water and eat them.'"
He said, "We proceeded along the coast and something on the sea coast looking
like an immense heap became visible to us. We reached it and it was the creature
called the sperm whale. Abu 'Ubayda said, 'Carrion.' Then he said, 'No, rather
we are the messengers of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, and we are travelling in the way of Allah and have been forced by
need, so eat.'. We lived on it for a month - and there were three hundred of us
- eating until we were full. I remember us scooping out oil from its eye-socket
with jugs, and from it we cut saddle-cloths the size of an ox - or similar to
the size of an ox. Abu 'Ubayda took thirteen of us and had us sit in its
eye-socket, and he took one of its ribs and stood it upright and then the
largest camel we had with us went under it. We took provision from its meat and
strips of dried meat. When we reached Madina, we went to the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and mentioned that to him. He said, 'It
was provision with which Allah provided you. Do you have any of its meat with
you so that you can feed us?' So we sent some of it to the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and he ate it." [Muslim]
519. Asma' bint Yazid said, "The sleeve of the shirt of the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, reached his wrist."
[at-Tirmidhi]
520. Jabir said, "On the Day of the Ditch, we were digging and a hard bit of
rock became exposed. They went to the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, and said, "'There is a hard bit of rock exposed in the Ditch.' He said,
'I am coming down.' He got up and there was a stone tied to his belly. We had
been three days without eating at all. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, took a pick and struck it and it became like soft sand. I said,
'Messenger of Allah, give me permission to go to my house.' I said to my wife,
'I see that the Prophet is in a condition I cannot bear. Do you have anything?'
She said, 'I have some barley and a lamb.' So I sacrificed the lamb and she
ground the barley and we put the meat in a cooking-pot. Then I went to the
Messenger of Allah when the bread was kneaded and the pot was on the cooking
stones and nearly cooked and said, 'I have a little food, so, Messenger of
Allah, come with one or two men.' He asked, 'How much is it?' I told him and he
said, 'Many is good. Tell her not to remove the pot nor take the bread from the
oven until I come.' He said, 'Get up,' and the Muhajirun and Ansar got up. I
went to her and said, 'Poor you! The Prophet, the Muhajirun, the Ansar and those
with them have all come!' She said, 'Did he ask you?' I said. 'Yes.' He said,
'Enter, but do not crowd round.' He began to break up the bread and put meat on
it, covering the pot and oven after he took something from them. He gave it to
his Companions who then withdrew. He continued to breaking up bread and ladling
until they were full and there was still some left. He said, 'Eat this and give
some away, for hunger has afflicted the people.'" [Agreed upon]
In one variant, Jabir said, "When the ditch was dug, I saw that the Prophet,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was hungry, so I went back to my wife
and said, 'Do you have anything? I see that the Messenger of Allah is very
hungry.' She brought out a bag which contained a sa' of barley. We had a lamb we
had kept at home, so I slaughtered it and she ground the barley. I finished and
cut it up in her cooking-pot. Then I turned to go back to the Messenger of
Allah. She said, 'Do not disgrace me before the Messenger of Allah and those
with him.' I went to him and spoke confidentially to him, 'Messenger of Allah,
we have slaughtered a small lamb of ours and ground a sa' of barley, so let you
and a few people come.' The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, shouted, 'People of the Ditch! Jabir has prepared some food, so come
along!' The Prophet said, 'Do not remove your pot nor bake your bread until I
come.' I came and the Prophet came leading the people. I went to my wife and she
said, 'It is all your fault!' I said, 'I did what you said.' She brought out the
dough and he spat in it and blessed it. Then he went to our pot and spat and
blessed it. Then he said, 'Call the woman who bakes and let her bake with you,
and ladle from your pot and do not remove it.' There were a thousand of them. I
swear by Allah, they ate until they left the food and went away. Our pot was
boiling as before and out dough was baking as before."
521. Anas said, "Abu Talha said to Umm Sulaym, 'I heard the voice of the
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and it was weak and
I recognised hunger in it. Do you have anything?' She said, 'Yes,' and produced
some barley loaves. She took a scarf of hers and wrapped up the bread in part of
it and then she put it under my garment and tied the other end of it round me.
Then she sent me to the Messenger of Allah and I took it with me. I found the
Messenger of Allah sitting in the mosque with some people. I stood over them and
the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, asked, 'Did Abu
Talha send you?' I answered, 'Yes.' He said, 'For a meal?' I replied, 'Yes.' The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ordered, 'Get up.'
Then he set off and I went on ahead of them until I came to Abu Talha and
informed him. Abu Talha said, 'Umm Sulaym! The Messenger of Allah, may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, has come with some people, and we do not have
anything to feed them.' She said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' Abu Talha
went to meet the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
and the Messenger of Allah went forward with him until they both entered and the
Messenger of Allah said, 'Bring what you have, Umm Sulaym.' So she brought that
bread and the Messenger of Allah commanded it to be broken up and then Umm
Sulayman squeezed some ghee on it to flavour it.' Then the Messenger of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said what Allah willed over it and then
he said, 'Admit ten,' and he admitted them. They ate until they were full and
then went out. Then he said, 'Admit ten' and he admitted them. They ate until
they were full and then went out. Then he said, 'Admit ten' and he admitted them
and so on until all the people had eaten and were full, and there were seventy
or eighty men." [Agreed upon]
In one variant, "Ten continued to enter and ten leave until everyone of them
had entered and eaten until he was full up, and then they gathered it up and
there was the same amount as when they had begun to eat from it."
In one variant, "They ate ten by ten until eighty men had done that. Then the
Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, ate after that and the people
of the house, and there was still some left over."
In one variant, "Then they still had enough left over to send to their
neighbours."
In one variant Anas said, "I came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, one day and I found him sitting with his Companions and
he had tied a band around his stomach. I asked some of his Companions, 'Why has
the Messenger of Allah bound up his stomach.' They said, 'Out of hunger.' So I
went to Abu Talha, who was the husband of Umm Sulaym bint Milhan, and said, 'O
father, I have seen the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, with his stomach tied with a band and I asked some of his Companions and
they said, "It is from hunger." Abu Talha went in to my mother and asked, 'Do
you have anything?' She replied, 'Yes, I have some pieces of barley and some
dates. If the Messenger of Allah comes to us alone, we can give him his fill. If
someone else comes with him, it will be little for them,'" and he mentioned the
whole hadith.
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