. Chapter: On
dutifulness to parents and maintaining ties of
kinship
Allah Almighty says, "Worship Allah and do not associate
anything with Him. Be good to your parents and relatives and to orphans and
the very poor, and to neighbours who are related to you and neighbours who are
not related to you, and to companions and travellers and your slaves."
(4:36)The Almighty says, "Have taqwa of Allah in whose name you make
demands on one another and also in respect of your families," (4:1)and
the Almighty says, "Those who join what Allah has commanded to be joined."
(W13:23; H13:21)The Almighty says, "We have instructed man to honour
his parents," (W29:7; H29:8)and the Almighty says, "Your Lord has
decreed: that you should worship none but Him, and that you should show
kindness to your parents, whether one or both of them reach old age with you.
So do not say 'Ugh!' to them out of irritation and do not be harsh with them
but speak to them with gentleness and generosity. Lower to them, out of mercy,
the wing of humility and say: 'Lord, show mercy to them as they did in looking
after me when I was small.'" (17:23-24)The Almighty says, "We have
instructed man concerning his parents. Bearing him caused his mother great
debility and the period of his weaning was two years: 'Give thanks to Me and
to your parents.'" (W31:13; H31:14)
312. Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman
'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said, "I asked the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, "Which action does Allah Almighty love the most?" He said, "The
prayer in its time." I said, "Then what?" He said, "Devotedness to parents." I
said, "Then what?" He said, "Jihad in the way of Allah." [Agreed upon]
313. Abu Hurayra reported: "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "No child can repay his father unless he finds him
enslaved and then buys him and sets him free." [Muslim]
314. Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah said, "Anyone who
believes in Allah and the Last Day should honour his guest. Anyone who believes
in Allah and the Last Day should maintain his ties of kinship. Anyone who
believes in Allah and the Last Day should speak well or remain silent." [Agreed
upon]
315. Abu Hurayra reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him
and grant him peace, said, "Allah Almighty created creation and when he finished
creating, kinship stood up and said, 'Is this the place of him who seeks refuge
with You from being cut off?' He said, 'Yes. Would you be pleased if I joined
anyone who joined you and cut off anyone who cut you off?' It said, 'Yes.' He
said, 'Then that is the case.'" Then the Messenger of Allah said, "If you wish,
then recite, 'Is it not likely that, if you did turn away, you would cause
corruption in the earth and sever your ties of kinship? Such are the people
Allah has cursed making them deaf and blinding their eyes.' (W47:23-24;
47:22-23)" [Agreed upon]
316. Abu Hurayra said, "A man came to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace, said, and asked, 'Messenger of Allah, what person is
the most entitled to the best of my company?' He replied, 'Your mother.' He
said, 'Then whom?' He replied, 'Your mother.' He said, 'Then whom?' He replied,
'Your mother. He said, 'Then whom?' He answered, 'Your father.'" [Agreed upon]
In one variant, "'O Messenger of Allah, who is the most entitled to good
companionship?' He replied, 'Your mother, then your mother, then your mother,
then your father, then the nearest relative and the next nearest.'"
317. Abu Hurayra said, "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
said, 'May his nose be in the dust! Then may his nose be in the dust! Then may
his nose be in the dust someone whose parents are old, or one of them is
old, and he does not enter the Garden!'" [Muslim]
318. Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud reported that a man said,
"Messenger of Allah, I have some relatives with whom I maintain relations but
they cut me off. I am good to them and they are bad to me. I am forbearing to
them and they are impatient towards me." He said, "If you are as you have said,
then it is as if you are giving them hot embers to drink. You will continue to
have a helper from Allah against them as long as you remain doing that."
[Muslim]
319. Anas reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, "Anyone who desires the expansion of his provision or to have
the best of his life prolonged, should maintain ties of kinship.'" [Agreed upon]
320. Anas said, "Abu Talha had more property in palm trees than any of the
Ansar in Madina. His favourite property was Bayruha' which was opposite the
mosque. The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, used to
enter it and drink its sweet water." Anas said, "When this ayat was sent down:
'You will not attain true goodness until you give of what you love'
(W3:91; H3:92) Abu Talha went to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, and said, 'Messenger of Allah, Allah, Almighty says, "You
will not attain true goodness until you give of what you love." The property
I love the best is Bayruha'. It is sadaqa for Allah whose goodness I hope
for and I hope that it will be stored up for me with Allah Almighty. Messenger
of Allah, dispose of it in whatever way Allah shows you is best.' The Messenger
of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Excellent! That is a
profitable property. That is is a profitable property. I have heard what you
have said and I think that you should give it to your relatives.' Abu Talha
said, 'I will do that, Messenger of Allah!' So Abu Talha divided it among his
relatives and cousins." [Agreed upon]
321. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr ibn al-'As said, "A man came to the Prophet of Allah,
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said, 'Shall I give you my oath of
allegiance based on emigration and jihad, seeking a reward from Allah Almighty?'
He asked, 'Are either of your parents living?' He replied, 'Yes, both of them.'
He said, 'Do you desire a reward from Allah Almighty?' He replied, 'Yes.' He
said, 'Go back to your parents and keep good company with them.'" [Agreed upon.
This is the version of Muslim]
In one of their variants, "A man came and asked permission to go on jihad. He
said, 'Are your parents alive?' He said, 'Yes.' He said, 'So expend your effort
on them.'"
322. 'Abdullah ibn 'Amr reported: "The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, said, 'A person who maintains ties of kinship is not someone who only
does so with those who maintain ties with him. A person who maintains ties of
kinship is someone who restores them when they have been cut off.'" [al-Bukhari]
323. 'A'isha said, "The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him
peace, said, 'Kinship is suspended from the Throne and says, "Allah will connect
with all who maintain my ties. Allah will sever his connection with all who
sever them.'" [Agreed upon]
324. Umm al-Mu'minin Maymuna bint al-Harith reported that she set a
slave-girl free without asking the permission of the Prophet, may Allah bless
him and grant him peace. On her day when he came around to her, she said, "Are
you aware, Messenger of Allah, that I have freed my slavegirl?" He said, "Did
you do so?" She said, "Yes.' He said, "If you had given her to your maternal
uncles, you would have had a greater reward." [Agreed upon]
325. Asma' bint Abi Bakr as-Siddiq said, "My mother came to me during the
time of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, while
she was still an idolater and I asked the Messenger of Allah, 'My mother has
come to me, wanting something. Shall I give it to her?' He said, 'Yes. Give to
your mother.'" [Agreed upon]
326. Zaynab ath-Thaqafiyya, the wife of 'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said, "The
Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Give alms, O
congregation of women, even from your jewellery.'" She said, "I went back to
'Abdullah ibn Mas'ud and said to him, 'You are a man of little wealth and the
Messenger of Allah has commanded us to give sadaqa. So go to him and ask him if
[my supporting you] will be enough for me. If not, I will pay it to someone
other than you.' He said, 'Rather you should go to him yourself.' So I went and
there was one of the women of the Ansar at the door of the Messenger of Allah
may Allah bless him and grant him peace, whose situation was similar to mine.
The Messenger of Allah inspired awe and Bilal came out to us, so we said to him,
'Go to the Messenger of Allah may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and tell
him that there are two women at the door who are asking him whether sadaqa to
their husbands and the orphans in their care will be enough for them. Do not
tell him who we are.' So Bilal went in to the Messenger of Allah and asked him.
The Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said, 'Who are
they?' He said, 'A woman of the Ansar and Zaynab.' The Messenger of Allah asked,
'Which Zaynab is it?' He said, 'The wife of 'Abdullah." He said, 'They will both
have two rewards: the reward of kinship and the reward of sadaqa.'" [Agreed
upon]
327. Abu Sufyan Sakhr ibn Harb said in a long hadith concerning what happened
with Heraclius is that he said, "Heraclius asked, 'What does he order you to
do?' meaning the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace." He said, "I
said, 'He says, "Worship Allah alone and do not associate anything with Him and
abandon what our ancestors said." He commands us to pray, to speak the truth, to
be chaste, and to maintain ties of kinship.'" [Agreed upon]
328. Abu Dharr reported that the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "You will conquer a land in which the qirat will
be mentioned."
In one variant, "You will conquer Egypt which is a land in which the
qirat is used, so command its people to good. They have right to security
and ties of kinship."
In one variant, "When you conquer it, be good to its people. They have right
to security and ties of kinship," or he said, "right to security and ties of
marriage."
The scholars say, "The ties of kinship come from the fact that Hajar, the
mother of Isma'il, was one of them, and the ties of marriage come from the fact
that Maria the mother of Ibrahim, the son of the Messenger of Allah, , may Allah
bless him and grant him peace, was one of them."
329. Abu Hurayra said, "When this verse was sent down, 'Warn your near
relatives,' (26:214), the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, summoned Quraysh and they gathered, both the common people and the
elite. He said, 'O Banu 'Abdu Shams! O Banu Ka'b ibn Lu'ayy! Save yourselves
from the Fire! O Banu Murra ibn Ka'b! Save yourselves from the Fire! O Banu
'Abdu Manaf! Save yourselves from the Fire! O Banu Hashim! Save yourselves from
the Fire! O Banu 'Abdu'l-Muttalib! Save yourselves from the Fire! O Fatima! Save
yourself from the Fire! I do not possess anything to help you against Allah
other than the fact of your kinship which I will maintain." [Muslim]
330. Abu 'Abdullah 'Amr ibn al-'As said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, speaking openly and not in secret, and he
said, 'The people of the Banu so-and-so are not my friends. My friends are Allah
and the righteous believers, but they have kinship with me which I keep up."
[Agreed upon. This is the version in al-Bukhari.]
331. Abu Ayyub Khalid ibn Zayd al-Ansari reported that a man said, "Messenger
of Allah, tell me about an action that will bring me into the Garden and keep me
far from the Fire?" The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said,
"Worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him, perform the prayer and
pay the zakat and maintain ties of kinship." [Agreed upon]
332. Salman ibn 'Amir reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "When one of you breaks the fast, he should break it with
dates. They are a blessing. If he cannot find any dates, then water. It is
pure." He said, "Sadaqa given to a poor person is sadaqa but to a
relative it is both sadaqa and maintaining ties of kinship."
[at-Tirmidhi]
333. Ibn 'Umar said, "I had a wife whom I loved but whom 'Umar disliked. He
said to me, 'Divorce her,' and I refused. 'Umar went to the Prophet and
mentioned that to him and the Prophet said, 'Divorce her.'" [Abu Dawud]
334. Abu'd-Darda' reported that a man came to him and said, "I have a wife
whom my mother has told me to divorce." He said, "I heard the Messenger of
Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say, 'Your parents are the main
door of the Garden. If you wish, you can remove that door or preserve it.'"
[at-Tirmidhi]
335. Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib reported that the Prophet, may Allah bless him and
grant him peace, said, "A maternal aunt has the same status as a mother."
[at-Tirmidhi]
There are many famous hadiths regarding this in the Sound Collections.
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